The campaign was conceived primarily by , then First Lord of the Admiralty, as a way to break the stalemate on the Western Front by opening a new front in the East.
The Gallipoli Campaign (1915–1916) stands as one of the most significant and tragic episodes of World War I, representing a major strategic failure for the Allied Powers while simultaneously acting as a foundational moment for the national identities of Australia, New Zealand, and modern Turkey. Strategic Objectives and the Initial Plan subtitle Gallipoli
: Success would have allowed the Allies to capture Constantinople (now Istanbul), knock the Ottoman Empire out of the war, and open a vital sea route to resupply a beleaguered Russia via the Black Sea. The campaign was conceived primarily by , then