THERE ARE NO ITEMS
The -- (double dash) is the SQL syntax for a comment. Everything following these dashes is ignored by the database. This is used to "comment out" the rest of the original, legitimate code (like a closing quote or a WHERE clause) that would otherwise cause a syntax error and crash the attack.
The SELECT NULL part is often a "probe." For a UNION attack to work, the second query must have the exact same number of columns as the first. Attackers will add NULL values one by one (e.g., SELECT NULL, NULL-- ) until the page stops returning an error, which reveals how many columns are in the targeted table. 4. Commenting Out ( -- ) {KEYWORD}' UNION ALL SELECT NULL-- FHDA
While "FHDA" likely refers to a specific target or internal tracking tag used by a security researcher or a tool, the string itself is a classic example of an . To prevent such attacks, developers should always use parameterized queries (prepared statements) rather than building queries with raw user input. The -- (double dash) is the SQL syntax for a comment