Hemophilia is a rare, typically inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to form blood clots. This deficiency in clotting factors—proteins essential for stopping blood flow—results in prolonged bleeding after injury or surgery and can lead to spontaneous internal bleeding, particularly into joints and muscles. Primary Classifications

: Excessive bleeding from minor cuts, dental procedures, or surgeries.

: The standard treatment involves regular intravenous infusions of the missing clotting factor (VIII or IX).

: Spontaneous bleeding into joints (knees, elbows, ankles), which causes pain, swelling, and can lead to chronic arthropathy (joint disease).

: The most common form, caused by a lack of Factor VIII (8). It accounts for roughly 80% to 85% of cases.

: Approximately one-third of new diagnoses occur in individuals with no family history of the disorder, caused by a new genetic mutation. Current Treatment Landscape

: Bleeding in vital organs or the brain (intracranial hemorrhage) is life-threatening and can cause seizures or stroke. Genetics and Inheritance

: Emerging treatments aim to provide long-term solutions by introducing a functional gene into the body, potentially reducing or eliminating the need for regular infusions.