: Institutions using animals for bona fide scientific or educational purposes.
Existing private owners were "grandfathered" in only if they registered their animals by June 18, 2023. Those who failed to register are now in violation of federal law and face potential seizure of their animals, fines, or imprisonment. Who Can Still Own a Tiger?
The End of the American Backyard Tiger: Understanding the Big Cat Public Safety Act
Furthermore, private ownership posed a severe public safety risk. Since 1990, hundreds of dangerous incidents involving captive big cats have been reported, resulting in human injuries and fatalities. The new law not only protects the animals but also ensures that first responders are not blindsided by an apex predator during a local emergency. Conclusion
: For the purpose of providing medical care. The Drive Behind the Legislation
The push for this law was largely a response to the "tiger mills" created by the cub-petting industry. As highlighted by Big Cat Rescue , cubs were often bred rapidly for photo opportunities and then discarded once they became too large and dangerous at around 12 weeks old. These "surplus" tigers frequently ended up in inadequate private enclosures where they suffered from malnutrition, lack of veterinary care, and psychological distress.
: Facilities with a USDA Class C exhibitor license in good standing.
While the allure of owning a "pet" tiger was popularized by media like Tiger King , the reality was a cycle of exploitation and danger. Today, the only legal way to "buy" a tiger in the USA is through symbolic adoption programs offered by World Wildlife Fund or by supporting accredited sanctuaries. The BCPSA ensures that these majestic animals remain in the hands of professionals, moving the U.S. toward a more ethical and safe approach to wildlife conservation.