By the late 18th century, several factors converged to destabilize the regime:
The nobility and clergy consistently blocked attempts at tax reform, leaving the monarchy unable to solve its financial woes without further burdening the already starving Third Estate. Conclusion ancien regime
Intellectuals like Voltaire and Rousseau began questioning the legitimacy of absolute power and the inequality of the estate system, advocating for reason, liberty, and meritocracy. By the late 18th century, several factors converged
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